Epidemiological, Clinical, Therapeutic and Evolutionary Aspects of Arterial Hypertension during Chronic Kidney Disease Stages 3-5 at the Borgou Departmental Teaching Hospital (Benin)

Introduction: Arterial hypertension is a risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD). The aim was to study hypertension in stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease patients in the nephrology department of the departmental teaching hospital of Borgou and Alibori ( CHUD-B/A) in 2024.
Patients and Methods: This was a cohort study with prospective data collection of patients with CKD stages 3-5 admitted to the nephrology department of CHUD-B/A from 1 January 2021 to 30 September 2023. Follow-up was 12 months. Sampling was exhaustive. CKD was selected according to the KDIGO 2012 criteria. Hypertension and its evolution were retained according to the KDIGO 2021 criteria.

Results: A total of 146 patients were included. The mean age was 50.45 ± 14.03 years. Of the 146 patients, 106 had hypertension, a rate of 72.6%. Systolo-diastolic hypertension was 75.5% and grade 1 hypertension 38.6%. Chronic vascular nephropathy was 72.6%. Antihypertensive treatment consisted of calcium channel blockers (77.3%), diuretics (57.5%) and conversion enzyme inhibitors (50.9%). The blood pressure objective was achieved in half of the patients after twelve months.

Conclusion: Hypertension is common in patients with CKD stages 3-5. Management enabled blood pressure to be controlled after three months.

Keywords: Arterial hypertension, Chronic Kidney Disease, Evolution, Benin.